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"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5228/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19315/?format=api",
"id": 19315,
"name": "Zemper",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1678-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1678-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1678-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1678",
"status": "apprentice interpreter, imperial interpreter for eastern languages, ensign",
"references": "Dóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228. \r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÁKI: Language Students and Interpreters at the Mid-seventeenth-century Habsburg Embassy in Constantinople. In: Theatrum Historiae 19 (2016), 27–44. \r\nZsuzsanna Cziráki: Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Born around 1627, he was an apprentice interpreter in Constantinople from 1644. In 1651, he applied for a position as an interpreter, but was unsuccessful in passing Michel D'Asquier's examination. In 1653, he became a fully accredited interpreter in Győr replacing the aging Josephus Barbatus, and in 1656 he was appointed ensign in the same fortress. He was regularly entrusted with escorting Ottoman embassies between Vienna and the Hungarian border, but also performed missions to the court of the Ottoman governor-general of Buda as an interpreter and ensign until his death.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5227,
"label": "ID: 5227",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5227/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19313/?format=api",
"id": 19313,
"name": "Wolde",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1709-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1709-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1709-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1709",
"status": "apprentice interpreter",
"references": "Dóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "A distant relative of interpreter Marcantonio Mammucca della Torre, who recommended Wolde for the position of interpreter. In 1694, he interpreted in the war zone during the Great Turkish War, and replaced Johann Heinrich Boringer as interpreter in Osijek and Petrovaradin in 1695. In 1699, he was sent first to interpret for the Christian troops along the Mureş, then to replace Michael Tallmann on the border commission of Fernando Marsigli. After the war, he became an interpreter on the southern border of the Habsburg Monarchy.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5226,
"label": "ID: 5226",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5226/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19311/?format=api",
"id": 19311,
"name": "Wogin",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1694-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1694-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1694-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1694",
"status": "apprentice interpreter, imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "János SZABADOS: An interpreter on a diplomatic mission to the Grand Vizier. In Fons: Source Research and Historical Studies 27 (2020), 61-95.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÁKI: Language Students and Interpreters at the Mid-seventeenth-century Habsburg Embassy in Constantinople. Theatrum Historiae 19 (2016): 27–44.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Born around 1622, he was admitted to the apprentice interpreters in 1644, trained in Constantinople until 1651, then by Michel D´Asquier in Vienna - he was removed from the Porte due to his unsatisfying behavior. In 1653, he temporarily studied in Győr with Josephus Barbatus and performed minor interpreting duties. In 1658, he performed a minor diplomatic mission to the camp of the grand vizier in Belgrade, one year later he was sent with the internuntius to Constantinople and to the Ottoman governor-general of Buda. In Vienna, he was not only an interpreter for the Aulic War Council, but also an officer for the Oriental Trading Company and an escort for Ottoman and Tatar embassies. In 1672, he unsuccessfully applied for the position of resident envoy to Constantinople. In the Great Turkish War he served mostly in Vienna, and for shorter periods with general Caraffa in Upper Hungary and in Buda until his death in 1694.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5225,
"label": "ID: 5225",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5225/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19309/?format=api",
"id": 19309,
"name": "Wider",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1666-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1666-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1666-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1666",
"status": "apprentice interpreter",
"references": "KEREKES Dóra, „A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején”, Századok 138 (2004): 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Wider was a talented interpreter at the house of the Habsburg resident envoy at the Sublime Porte, Simon Reniger. In 1663, he undertook small independent missions on behalf of the same envoy. In 1666, he succumbed to the injuries he sustained during of a violent street confrontation in Constantinople, which proved fatal.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5224,
"label": "ID: 5224",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5224/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19307/?format=api",
"id": 19307,
"name": "Vischer",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "0166-07-02",
"end_start_date": "0166-01-01",
"end_end_date": "0166-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "166",
"status": "apprentice interpreter",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Son of Johann Friedrich Vischer, secretary of the Aulic War Council, and Helena Fellner von Feldegg. Brother of the military officer Franz Heinrich Vischer. As a protégé of his stepfather, Johann Rudolf Schmid, he was brought to the house of the Habsburg resident envoy at the Sublime Porte in 1655, where he learned Turkish and the basics of Ottoman diplomacy. He aspired to the title of resident, but died before his training could have been completed.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5223,
"label": "ID: 5223",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5223/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19305/?format=api",
"id": 19305,
"name": "Tarsia",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "E. Natalie ROTHMAN: The The Dragoman Renaissance: Diplomatic Interpreters and the Routes of Orientalism. Ithaca, 2021; https://drrp.digital.utsc.utoronto.ca/\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "As fully trained interpreter for eastern languages of Venetian origin, he was hired through the intervention of the Habsburg envoy to Venice following the resignation of Vincenzo Bratutti. Due to his lack of knowledge and his personal conflicts, he soon left the service and went to the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5222,
"label": "ID: 5222",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5222/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19303/?format=api",
"id": 19303,
"name": "Tallmann",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "",
"references": "SZABADOS János, „Michael Talman konstantinápolyi Habsburg rezidens két jelentése az Udvari Haditanács részére (1705. július 25. és augusztus 13.)”, Fons: Forráskutatás és Történeti Segédtudományok 20 (2013): 385–419.\r\nKEREKES Dóra, „A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején”, Századok 138 (2004): 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "In 1691, he applies for the position of interpreter vacated by the death of Pantaleone Cleronome, but Mammucca della Torre, who criticizes his application, recommends his own protégé instead. Nevertheless, he was given translating duties in the Aulic War Council. In 1692, at the request of the Dutch ambassador, he accompanied him to the Ottoman Empire. In 1697, he was examined by the chief interpreter Meninsky, who recommended him for another interpreting position with the Saxon corps and later with the Transylvanian corps in the Great Turkish War. In 1698, he unsuccessfully applied for the position of the resident envoy in Constantinople, but at his own request he was allowed to participate in the Habsburg-Ottoman peace negotiations. In 1699, he joined the frontier commission alongside Fernando Marsigli, but in the same year he joined the escort of the Ottoman embassy to Vienna. Later he became resident envoy in Constantinople for two periods, and took part in the peace negotiations in Požarevac.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5221,
"label": "ID: 5221",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5221/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19301/?format=api",
"id": 19301,
"name": "Sochrachiera",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Hermann Czernin, grand ambassador of the Habsburgs, hired him temporarily as interpreter for his mission to the Sublime Porte in 1616-1617, he was contracted in Constantinople.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5220,
"label": "ID: 5220",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5220/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19299/?format=api",
"id": 19299,
"name": "Sick",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "In 1612, he succeeded Melchior Schröder ad interpreter for eastern languages in the Aulic War Council. He was assigned to smaller missions to accompany Ottoman envoys from and to the Ottoman governor-general of Buda. In addition to his interpreting duties, he is regularly mentioned as a scribe for the War Council.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5219,
"label": "ID: 5219",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5219/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19297/?format=api",
"id": 19297,
"name": "Schwegler",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "apprentice interpreter, imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Dóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "He studied eastern languages in the class of Giovanni Battista Podestà from 1678 to 1680, and then with the internuncius Caprara in Constantinople in 1682. In 1683, he was appointed vice-interpreter in Győr (Vizedolmetscher in Raab), from 1684 he was Turkish interpreter for grand ambassador Walter Leslie. In 1686, he was assigned to the corps near the Drava as fully accredited interpreter of the Aulic War Council. In 1689, he was assigned to Kanizsa to survey the Ottoman financial records of the castle, in the last years of the Great Turkish War he served both in Vienna and at the front line.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5218,
"label": "ID: 5218",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5218/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19295/?format=api",
"id": 19295,
"name": "Schröder",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "In 1601, he was hired to replace Hieronymus Nagy as interpreter in Győr, and in addition to his duties as interpreter for the Aulic War Council, he regularly escorted Ottoman delegations and participated in prisoner exchanges. He interpreted at the border commission concerning the status of villages that had not been settled in the Peace of Zsitvatorok and was also employed as a Turkish courier to Buda and Constantinople. In 1611, he asked to be dismissed from his post of interpreter and he became customs (tricesima) collector.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5217,
"label": "ID: 5217",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5217/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19293/?format=api",
"id": 19293,
"name": "Sattler",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1678-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1678-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1678-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1678",
"status": "apprentice interpreter",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "From 1665 he was a pupil of Franz Mesgnien von Meninsky, and from 1668 he received also minor translating tasks. In 1670 he is mentioned as an interpreter in the Feldkriegskanzlei, while he is also a scribe (Hofkriegsrat-Konzipist) in the War Council. He is consciously trained in oriental languages as well as in Ottoman diplomacy both in Vienna and Constantinople. In 1678 he was appointed resident envoy to the Sublime Porte, although his death thwarts the mission.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5216,
"label": "ID: 5216",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5216/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19291/?format=api",
"id": 19291,
"name": "Porphyrita",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "apprentice interpreter, imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Gunnar HERING: Panagiotis Nikousios als Dragoman der kaiserlichen Gesandtschaft in Konstantinopel. In: Jahrbuch der österreichischen Byzantinistik 44 (1994), 143–178.\r\nDóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "The nephew, disciple and protégé of Nikousios Panagiotis was hired as an apprentice interpreter in 1665, alongside the resident envoy of Constantinople. In 1667 he continued his studies in Vienna and in 1668, where, after passing the examinations, he was admitted to the profession of interpreter. He served at the Habsburg delegation in Constantinople and was in the city during the Great Turkish War, spying for the Aulic War Council.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5215,
"label": "ID: 5215",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5215/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19289/?format=api",
"id": 19289,
"name": "Pompeis",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024.",
"notes": "An imperial interpreter from a renegade background. He was involved in the interpreting assignments accompanying the first peace treaty of Szőny, lived in Komárom, and regularly received assignments both in Vienna and in Hungarian locations.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5214,
"label": "ID: 5214",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5214/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19287/?format=api",
"id": 19287,
"name": "Podestà",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1703-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1703-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1703-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1703",
"status": "professor of the eastern languages, Secretary for Oriental Languages",
"references": "",
"notes": "As an Istrian-born pupil of Meninsky, he begins to learn the oriental languages and continues his independent training with Turkish language instructors in Bratislava, Rome and Constantinople. He was appointed as a Hungarian interpreter in the chancellery of the Council of War and was later appointed as Secretary for Oriental Languages. From 1674, with imperial permission and Jesuit support, he trained oriental interpreters in form of university classes, and was a prominent school organizer and professor of oriental languages at the University of Vienna. In 1678 he travels to Constantinople with three of his students to improve their knowledge. In 1683 he distinguishes himself at the siege of Vienna for his service to the defenders. In 1699, after Meninsky's death, he unsuccessfully applied for the post of chief interpreter, continuing to work as a teacher and oriental language secretary until his death.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5213,
"label": "ID: 5213",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5213/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19285/?format=api",
"id": 19285,
"name": "Pezelli",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1684-07-01",
"end_start_date": "1684-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1684-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1684",
"status": "apprentice interpreter",
"references": "Dóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Originally a student of Giovanni Battista Podestà’s seminar of eastern languages, he became an apprentice interpreter of the Aulic War Council. Between 1678–82 he and his companions Hueber and Schwegler, accompanied by their teachers, improved their linguistic knowledge in Constantinople. He continued his studies in Vienna until his death in 1684.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5212,
"label": "ID: 5212",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5212/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19283/?format=api",
"id": 19283,
"name": "Panagiotis",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1673-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1673-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1673-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1673",
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Gunnar HERING: Panagiotis Nikousios als Dragoman der kaiserlichen Gesandtschaft in Konstantinopel. In: Jahrbuch der österreichischen Byzantinistik 44 (1994), 143–178.\r\nDamien JANOS: Panaiotis Nicousios and Alexander Mavrocordatos: The Rise of the Phanariots and the Office of Grand Dragoman in the Ottoman Administration in the Second Half of the Seventeenth Century. In: Archivum Ottomanicum 23 (2005–2006), 177–196. Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "After completing his studies in Padua and Constantinople, the talented young man of Greek origin was hired as an interpreter for the Habsburgs’ delegation in Constantinople in 1645. After the death of resident envoy Alexander Greiffenklau, he headed the embassy as interim agent until the arrival of the new resident, Simon Reniger. From the end of the 1660s, he also interpreted for the Porte, and was the first of the Phanariots to be appointed chief interpreter at the Sublime Porte. At the turn of the 1660s, he gained considerable influence in the circles of the sultan and the grand vizier, while also performing important services for the Habsburgs. He died of a stroke in 1673.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5211,
"label": "ID: 5211",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5211/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19281/?format=api",
"id": 19281,
"name": "Negroni",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1614-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1614-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1614-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1614",
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Rudolf NECK: Andrea Negroni. (Ein Beitrag zur Geschichte der österreichisch-türkischen Beziehungen nach dem Frieden von Zsitvatorok). In: Mitteilungen des Österreichischen Staatsarchivs 3 (1950), 166–195. \r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Born in Genova, he was interpreter for eastern languages of Emperor Rudolf and later Archduke Matthias. In addition to several minor diplomatic negotiations, he was the emperor’s extraordinary envoy in Constantinople in 1610 and 1612–1614. In 1614, he was tried for treason and suspended from his duties, dying in captivity before the verdict was delivered.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5210,
"label": "ID: 5210",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5210/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
},
{
"id": 23,
"label": "ORDIP",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/23/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19279/?format=api",
"id": 19279,
"name": "Navone",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "apprentice interpreter",
"references": "E. Natalie ROTHMAN: The Dragoman Renaissance: Diplomatic Interpreters and the Routes of Orientalism. Ithaca, 2021; https://drrp.digital.utsc.utoronto.ca/\r\nCZIRÁKI Zsuzsanna: Követ vagy szélhámos? A Habsburg-diplomácia útvesztői egy konstantinápolyi gyilkosság tükrében. In: Aetas – Történettudományi folyóirat 31 (2016) 3, 22–39.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Born into an extensive dynasty of interpreters in Pera, during his years as an apprentice interpreter he was involved in the assassination of the Portuguese spy Don Juan de Menesses, alongside the resident envoy Alexander Greiffenklau. His conflict with the Ottoman authorities led to his dismissal from the service.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5209,
"label": "ID: 5209",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5209/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19277/?format=api",
"id": 19277,
"name": "Miro",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "https://drrp.digital.utsc.utoronto.ca/\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "He was recruited as fully trained interpreter from the Venetians and served both in Vienna and Graz. His conflicts, and in particular the alleged threat from the Venetian ambassador, prompted him to ask for his dismissal.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5208,
"label": "ID: 5208",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5208/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19275/?format=api",
"id": 19275,
"name": "Michalovicz",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1707-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1707-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1707-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1707",
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Dóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Originally interpreter of the Bavarian Elector, served as interpreter and spy in the Great Turkish War. He candidate for the position of an imperial interpreter without success in 1691 and 1694. Only in 1699 did he join the staff of the Aulic War Council as interpreter, when he was assigned to Guido Stahremberg as interpreter in the area between the Drava and Sava rivers, and was then posted to Petrovaradin, where he served as interpreter until his death.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5207,
"label": "ID: 5207",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5207/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19273/?format=api",
"id": 19273,
"name": "Milli",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "apprentice interpreter",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "He was recruited by resident envoy Michael Starzer as an assistant interpreter in 1615, but died of the plague a few weeks later.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5206,
"label": "ID: 5206",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5206/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19271/?format=api",
"id": 19271,
"name": "Mesgnien von Meninsky",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1699-07-02",
"end_start_date": "1699-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1699-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1699",
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages, chief interpreter",
"references": "Bohdan BARANOWSKI: F. Mesgnien- Meniński et l’enseignement des langues orientales en Pologne vers la moitié du XVIIe siècle. In: Rocznik Orientalistyczny 15 (1949), 63–71. Czesława GENEJA, Paul NASTER: François à Mesgnien Meninski à propos d’un manuscrit autographe à la bilbiothèque royale de Belgique. In: Orientalia Lovaniensia Periodica, 17 (1986), 253–277. \r\nHimmet UMUNÇ: Meninski’nin Türk Dili ve Kültürü Üzerine Görüşleri: Bir Değerlendirme. In: Başkent Üniversitesi Edebiyat Fakültesi Dergisi 32 (2015) 1, 243–257.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Linguist of French origin, orientalist. Until 1661, he was an interpreter of eastern languages for the Polish royal court and later for the Habsburg Monarchy in Vienna, where he became chief interpreter and councilor of the War Council. He regularly carried out small diplomatic missions at the court of the pasha of Buda and other places in the borderland, while he also participated in the training of interpreters. In 1669, he went on a pilgrimage to Jerusalem and became a member of the Order of the Holy Sepulchre. He was an inspector of the Oriental Trading Company, investigating prohibitions on trade in goods. In 1683, he was in the city during the siege of Vienna, acting as interpreter. He served as an interpreter until his death in Vienna.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5205,
"label": "ID: 5205",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5205/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
},
{
"id": 23,
"label": "ORDIP",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/23/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19269/?format=api",
"id": 19269,
"name": "Marianovich",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1680-07-01",
"end_start_date": "1680-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1680-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1680",
"status": "imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "He was probably a spy of Bosnian origin who served already as a “Turkish” courier in the diplomatic mission of Hermann Czernin in 1644. In 1652, he applied to the War Council as an interpreter for eastern languages, where he was employed in a dual capacity as a courier and interpreter. In 1657, he was entrusted with the embassy to the Cossacks together with the archbishop Petrus Parčević. Based on his connections to Bosnia, he was recommended by the President of the Aulic War Council, Annibale Gonzaga for the title of the bishop of Bosnia in 1660. In 1657 Ferdinand III granted him the title of procurator of the Kingdom of Bosnia, confirmed in 1671.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5204,
"label": "ID: 5204",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5204/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19267/?format=api",
"id": 19267,
"name": "Mammucca della Torre",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "apprentice interpreter, imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "E. Natalie ROTHMAN: The The Dragoman Renaissance: Diplomatic Interpreters and the Routes of Orientalism. Ithaca, 2021; https://drrp.digital.utsc.utoronto.ca/\r\nDóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Second son of the interpreter Marcantonio Mammucca della Torre and Giustiniana Tarsia. He was appointed to the post of interpreter at the same time as his brother Leopold. Through his father, he and his brother hold the title of a count of the Holy Roman Empire.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5203,
"label": "ID: 5203",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5203/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19265/?format=api",
"id": 19265,
"name": "Mammucca della Torre",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1712-07-01",
"end_start_date": "1712-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1712-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1712",
"status": "apprentice interpreter, imperial interpreter for eastern languages",
"references": "E. Natalie ROTHMAN: The The Dragoman Renaissance: Diplomatic Interpreters and the Routes of Orientalism. Ithaca, 2021; https://drrp.digital.utsc.utoronto.ca/\r\nDóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "First-born son of the interpreter Marcantonio Mammucca della Torre and Giustiniana Tarsia, his godfather was Emperor Leopold I. As a young child, he was made an apprentice interpreter by his father in 1684, and two years later he recieved already the title of an interpreter. Between 1701 and 1703, while retaining his position as interpreter, he was appointed resident envoy at the Porte, and in 1708 he was transferred to Petrovaradin in place of the deceased Wolfgang Zacharias Cantig.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5202,
"label": "ID: 5202",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5202/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19263/?format=api",
"id": 19263,
"name": "Mammucca della Torre",
"review": false,
"start_date": null,
"start_start_date": null,
"start_end_date": null,
"end_date": "1708-07-01",
"end_start_date": "1708-01-01",
"end_end_date": "1708-12-31",
"start_date_written": null,
"end_date_written": "1708",
"status": "apprentice interpreter, imperial interpreter for eastern languages, chief interpreter",
"references": "E. Natalie ROTHMAN: The The Dragoman Renaissance: Diplomatic Interpreters and the Routes of Orientalism. Ithaca, 2021; https://drrp.digital.utsc.utoronto.ca/\r\nDóra KEREKES: A császári tolmácsok a magyarországi visszafoglaló háborúk idején. In: Századok 138 (2004), 1189–1228.\r\nVincenzio Giulio LODI: L’Immortalita del cavalier Marc Antonio Mamuca della Torre, conte del Sac. Rom. Imp. consigliere attuale di guerra die sua M. Ces. etc. descritta, consecrata alla Sac. Ces. e Real Maesta di Leopoldo I. Vienna, 1701.\r\nZsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "A descendant of the Borisi dynasty of interpreters, he was also related through his wife to the Tarsia family, who also produced a number of distinguished interpreters. He was recruited by resident envoy Simon Reniger as an utmost talented apprentice interpreter and became later an embassy interpreter mainly in Constantinople. He served with the residents in Vienna and Constantinople until the Great Turkish War. During the war he participated in information gathering both at the front and in Constantinople. He was appointed chief interpreter, councilor of the War Council and was given the title of a Count of the Holy Roman Empire by Leopold I. His two sons were also interpreters for eastern languages in Habsburg service.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5201,
"label": "ID: 5201",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5201/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
},
{
"id": 23,
"label": "ORDIP",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/23/"
}
]
},
{
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/tempentityclass/19261/?format=api",
"id": 19261,
"name": "Mayr",
"review": false,
"start_date": "1595-07-02",
"start_start_date": "1595-01-01",
"start_end_date": "1595-12-31",
"end_date": null,
"end_start_date": null,
"end_end_date": null,
"start_date_written": "1595",
"end_date_written": null,
"status": "apprentice interpreter",
"references": "Zsuzsanna CZIRÀKI: A Habsburg Monarchia keleti nyelvi tolmácsai a 17. században, Reciti - Budapest, 2024. Open Access: https://www.reciti.hu/2024/8419",
"notes": "Born in Salzburg in 1595, he joined the household of resident envoy Sebastian Lustrier as a young man. After previous university studies in law, he was trained both for the service as an interpreter and as a resident. In 1628–29, he stayed at the Sublime Porte as interim agent until the arrival of the new resident Johann Rudolf Schmid, who took over from Lustrier. His further career is unknown.",
"published": false,
"source": null,
"text": [
{
"id": 5200,
"label": "ID: 5200",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/text/5200/"
}
],
"collection": [
{
"id": 17,
"label": "QHOD",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/17/"
},
{
"id": 18,
"label": "Dolmetscher",
"url": "https://mpr.acdh.oeaw.ac.at/apis/api/metainfo/collection/18/"
}
]
}
]
}